The esters were evaluated for lubricant properties namely kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, copper corrosion, oxidative stability (RBOT), weld load, wear, pour and flash points using standard ASTM methods. Among the base stocks prepared, polyol esters were found to possess good viscosity indices (205-222) compared to branched esters (187). Good weld load behavior was observed in the case of PE (170 kg) and TMP (160 kg) esters compared to NPG (130 kg) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (120 kg) esters. All the esters exhibited good copper corrosion values of 1a. The study revealed that all the esters can be well exploited for a number PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition of hydraulic fluid formulations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All
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“Background: Alterations in cardiac metabolism accompany many diseases of the heart. The advent of cardiac hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), has enabled
a greater understanding of the in vivo metabolic changes that occur as a consequence of myocardial infarction, hypertrophy and diabetes. PI3K inhibitor However, all cardiac studies performed to date have focused on rats and larger animals, whereas more information could be gained through the study of transgenic mouse models of heart disease. Translation from the rat to the mouse is challenging, due in part to the reduced heart size (1/10th) and the increased heart rate (50%) in the mouse compared to the rat.
Methods and Results: In this study, we have investigated the in vivo metabolism of [1-C-13] pyruvate in the mouse heart. To demonstrate the sensitivity of the method to detect alterations in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) flux, two well characterised methods of PDH modulation were performed; overnight fasting and infusion of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA). Fasting resulted in an 85% reduction in PDH flux, whilst DCA infusion increased PDH flux by 123%. A comparison of three
commonly used control mouse strains was performed revealing significant metabolic differences between strains.
Conclusions: We have successfully demonstrated a hyperpolarized DNP protocol to investigate in vivo alterations within the diseased mouse heart. This technique offers a significant advantage over existing in vitro techniques https://www.selleckchem.com/products/poziotinib-hm781-36b.html as it reduces animal numbers and decreases biological variability. Thus [1-C-13] pyruvate can be used to provide an in vivo cardiac metabolic profile of transgenic mice.”
“As a transmembrane enzyme, ATP synthase plays an important role in energy metabolism of organ tissues, as well as in tumors. In this study we generated a monoclonal antibody, 6G11, to the catalytic subunit of F1-F0 ATP synthase (ATP5B). The SDS-PAGE result demonstrated that the hybridoma clone had a molecular weight of 50 and 27 kDa components that could be the heavy and light chains of the monoclonal antibody, respectively. Chromosome analysis of the hybridoma clone proved that they had 98 to 102 chromosomal numbers that were the sum of the SP2/0 and spleen cells.